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Immigrant and refugee communities historically have played key roles in the Bay Area's growth and rich diversity. As California enters the twenty-first century, demographic figures reflect significant increases in immigrant pop-ulations. Amongst these communities are myriad performance ensembles, in-dividual artists, teachers, and participatory arts events that strengthen comm-unity ties, reinforce a vibrant cultural heritage, and enrich the lives of Bay Area residents.

The summer 2005 issue of the GIA Reader contained an article consisting of excerpts from a group blog discussion on ArtsJournal.com titled, "Is There a Better Case for the Arts?"² The blog was inspired by Gifts of the Muse: Reframing the Debate about the Benefits of the Arts, a study commissioned by the Wallace Foundation "to improve the current understanding of the arts' full range of effects in order to inform public debate and policy."³ Twelve individuals participated in the online d

As Tia Oros Peters so eloquently states in her essay that follows, there is no particular word for art in the thousands of Indigenous languages of the world. While there are hundreds of Native American languages, the same holds true; Native Americans do not and cannot separate the importance of art and culture from everyday life. It is one goal of GIA's Indigenous People's Network to bring this important way of life to the fore of grantmakers' thinking.

The full text of this article is not yet available on this site. Below is a brief excerpt.

August 2004, 14 pages. The Urban Institute, 2100 M Street NW, Washington, DC, 20037, 202-833-7200, www.urban.org

Download pdf: www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/311043_Arts_Nonarts.pdf

2003, 251 pages, ISBN 0-309-08868-2. The National Academies Press, 500 Fifth Street, Washington, DC, 20001, 800-624-6242, www.nap.edu

Online: http://books.nap.edu/html/beyond_productivity/

2005, 17 pages. University of Chicago Cultural Policy Center, 1155 E. 60th Street, Chicago, IL, 60637, 773-702-0926, culturalpolicy.uchicago.edu (Also published in New Left Review, No.17, September-October 2002)

Download pdf: http://culturalpolicy.uchicago.edu/pdfs/sassoon_paper.pdf

2004, 12 pages. Grantmakers for Effective Organizations, 1413 K Street NW, 2nd floor, Washington, DC, 20005, 202-898-1840, www.geofunders.org

Download pdf: http://www.geofunders.org/document.aspx?oid=a0660000003YTZyAAO

March 2004, 40 pages. The Foundation Center, 79 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY, 10003, 212-620-4230, http://foundationcenter.org

Download pdf: http://www.foundationcenter.org/gainknowledge/research/pdf/practicematters_06_paper.pdf

2004, 27 pages. Grantmakers for Effective Organizations, 1413 K Street NW, 2nd floor, Washington, DC, 20005, 202-898-1840, http://www.geofunders.org

Download pdf: http://www.geofunders.org/document.aspx?oid=a0660000003YTaBAAW